Sherlock Holmes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sherlock Holmes (
/ˈʃɜːrlɒk ˈhoʊmz/ or
/-ˈhoʊlmz/) is a fictional
private detective created by British author
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a "consulting detective" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, deduction,
forensic science, and
logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients, including
Scotland Yard.
First appearing in print in 1887's
A Study in Scarlet, the character's popularity became widespread with the first series of short stories in
The Strand Magazine, beginning with "
A Scandal in Bohemia" in 1891; additional tales appeared from then until 1927, eventually totalling
four novels and 56 short stories. All but one are set in the
Victorian or
Edwardian eras, between about 1880 and 1914. Most are narrated by the character of Holmes's friend and biographer
Dr. John H. Watson, who usually accompanies Holmes during his investigations and often shares quarters with him at the address of
221B Baker Street, London, where many of the stories begin.
Though not the first fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes is arguably the best known.
[1] By the 1990s there were already over 25,000 stage adaptations, films, television productions and publications featuring the detective,
[2] and
Guinness World Records lists him as the most portrayed literary human character in film and television history.
[3] Holmes's popularity and fame are such that many have believed him to be not a fictional character but a real individual;
[4][5] numerous literary and fan societies have been founded on
this pretense. Avid readers of the Holmes stories helped create the modern practice of
fandom.
[6] The character and stories have had a profound and lasting effect on
mystery writing and
popular culture as a whole, with the original tales as well as thousands
written by authors other than Conan Doyle being
adapted into stage and radio plays, television, films, video games, and other media for over one hundred years.